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		<title>The Binmen of Birmingham</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Alex Tabarrok]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 11:15:11 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>I was on the British CapX Podcast talking about the Equality Act, riffing off my two posts Equality Act 2010 and The Apples and Oranges Tribunal. One thing I discussed in the podcast which I haven&#8217;t blogged on is the amazing Birmingham dustbin dispute. In 2010 an employment tribunal ruled that Birmingham City Council had [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html">The Binmen of Birmingham</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066285">This is my second attempt at commenting on this post.   There ...</a> <i>by Not exactly, Alex</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066283">Cleaning up the garbage or cleaning up the bed pans, which is ...</a> <i>by rayward</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066278">As usual, Tabarrok misleads the commentariat, and the ...</a> <i>by Critical thinking</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066277">In reply to Marie.   Marie you make very good points, but ...</a> <i>by Andrew S</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066276">In reply to Marie.   At the care home I frequent, the men are ...</a> <i>by Mother of three</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comments">Plus 6 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds">Will U.S. cities face a knock-on fiscal crisis from the feds?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration">The economics of H-1B immigration</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I was on the <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://briefing.capx.co/p/alex-tabarrok-britains-equal-pay">British CapX Podcast</a> talking about the Equality Act, riffing off my two posts <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2024/09/equality-act-2010.html">Equality Act 2010</a> and <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/the-apples-and-oranges-tribunal.html">The Apples and Oranges Tribunal</a>. One thing I discussed in the podcast which I haven&#8217;t blogged on is the amazing Birmingham dustbin dispute.</p>
<p>In 2010 an employment tribunal ruled that Birmingham City Council had discriminated against thousands of female workers — cooks, cleaners, care assistants, caretakers — who were denied bonuses paid to the mostly male binmen, gardeners, and gravediggers. Why were the binmen given bonuses? Well, refuse collection is filthy, heavy, outdoor work and not many people want to be gravediggers. Thus, these jobs command a premium for exactly the reason <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.econlib.org/library/Smith/smWN.html?chapter_num=13#book-reader">Adam Smith gave in 1776</a> — <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2015/04/compensating-variations.html">compensating differentials</a>. Or was it sexism? Well, note first that there is nothing stopping women from becoming &#8220;binpersons&#8221; and indeed there are female binpersons and they earn the same bonuses as their male counterparts (just as with the <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2024/09/equality-act-2010.html">Next case</a>). Moreover, we can test the sexism versus compensating differentials theory. Let&#8217;s see what happened.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s the problem, which contributed to Birmingham going bankrupt in 2023. The council employs roughly 400 binmen and something like 6,000 women in comparable graded roles. Every extra pound paid to a binman therefore implied about fifteen pounds owed to the cooks and cleaners. The council simply didn&#8217;t have the money to pay everyone binman wages so they cut the binmen&#8217;s wages. But the market wage for collecting rubbish is what it is, so when Birmingham finally deleted the premium in January 2025, the binmen went on strike — and they are still on strike, nearly eighteen months later. The rubbish piled up, 17,000 tonnes of it, and the city declared a major incident.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s the most amazing part. The council hired an outside contractor to take over its rubbish collection and it now pays roughly triple its pre-strike outsourcing bill&#8211;more than it was paying its own employees. So much for sexism. Apparently the premium wasn&#8217;t a favor to men; it was the price of the job. If you want your rubbish picked up and your graves dug, you must pay the market wage. This was pure regulatory arbitrage, of course. Because the new binmen were contractors they legally had a different employer than the Council&#8217;s female caregivers and the Act&#8217;s comparator rules stop at the employer&#8217;s nexus.</p>
<p>The government mandarins, of course, <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/equal-pay-and-pay-discrimination">want to close the &#8220;loophole&#8221;</a> adding yet another bureaucratic requirement to push the equal pay madness up the supply chain. The rubbish piles up.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html">The Binmen of Birmingham</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066285">This is my second attempt at commenting on this post.   There ...</a> <i>by Not exactly, Alex</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066283">Cleaning up the garbage or cleaning up the bed pans, which is ...</a> <i>by rayward</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066278">As usual, Tabarrok misleads the commentariat, and the ...</a> <i>by Critical thinking</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066277">In reply to Marie.   Marie you make very good points, but ...</a> <i>by Andrew S</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comment-161066276">In reply to Marie.   At the care home I frequent, the men are ...</a> <i>by Mother of three</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html#comments">Plus 6 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds">Will U.S. cities face a knock-on fiscal crisis from the feds?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration">The economics of H-1B immigration</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 05:28:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Current Affairs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economics]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Federal money flows to cities in three flavors: direct transfers, indirect transfers, and what we call fiscal dark matter. Direct transfers are exactly what they sound like — money sent directly from the federal government to various localities. These include funds disbursed through programs like the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), which supports things like [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html">Will U.S. cities face a knock-on fiscal crisis from the feds?</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
<div style="clear:both;padding-top:0.2em;"><a title="Like on Facebook" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/28/966816635/marginalrevolution"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/fblike20.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a title="Pin it!" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/29/966816635/marginalrevolution,"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/pinterest20.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a title="Post to X.com" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/24/966816635/marginalrevolution"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/x.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a title="Subscribe by email" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/19/966816635/marginalrevolution"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/email20.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a title="Subscribe by RSS" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/20/966816635/marginalrevolution"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/rss20.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a rel="NOFOLLOW" title="View Comments" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comments"><img height="20" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/comments20.png"></a>&#160;<a title="Follow Comments via RSS" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html/feed"><img height="20" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/commentsrss20.png"></a>&nbsp;
<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066290">The median voter is, at some level, much wiser than Jeff Fong: ...</a> <i>by Alamo</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066289">Just rename HUD to “Housing and Urban Decay”.</a> <i>by Biggles f’Tang</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066287">The median voter is, at some level, much wiser than Jeff Fong: ...</a> <i>by Alamo</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066286">In reply to Rich Berger.   Which is the greater money flow: ...</a> <i>by Welp</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066284">The States need to at least approximately be in balanced ...</a> <i>by DirtyJobsGuy</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=who-pays-for-unions">Who Pays for Unions?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices">Is this why China finds it so hard to inflate producer prices?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Federal money flows to cities in three flavors: direct transfers, indirect transfers, and what we call fiscal dark matter. Direct transfers are exactly what they sound like — money sent directly from the federal government to various localities. These include funds disbursed through programs like the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), which supports things like public infrastructure and neighborhood services.<span data-state="closed"><a id="footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-anchor" href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.urbanproxima.com/p/the-fiscal-crisis-facing-american?hide_intro_popup=true#footnote-3" target="_self" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM">3</a></span> In 2022, direct transfers like the CDBG <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R40638">totaled $146.3 billion</a>.<span data-state="closed"><a id="footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-anchor" href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.urbanproxima.com/p/the-fiscal-crisis-facing-american?hide_intro_popup=true#footnote-4" target="_self" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM">4</a></span><strong> </strong>That’s significant, but actually the smallest of the three categories.</p>
<p>Less visible are the indirect transfers. These monies are initially awarded to state governments, which then allocate funds to municipal-level programs and services in accordance with state prerogatives. The cleanest example is probably K-12 education, which receives federal Title I dollars to pay for teachers and programs, but federal highway dollars work essentially the same way. All told, in 2022, the federal government <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R40638">handed down $1.1 trillion to state governments</a>. That amounted to 36% of overall state revenue for that year and, depending on the individual state, ranged from roughly 22% to 50% of state revenue. How much of that ultimately flowed down to cities is hard to say, which is itself a problem: it’s difficult to even establish how exposed local governments are to a pullback in federal support of state budgets.</p>
<p>The third category – our fiscal dark matter – is all the federal money spent into local communities that never shows up in a local budget. This includes housing subsidies like the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) and Section 8. It also includes food support programs like SNAP and even some direct funding for local food banks.</p>
<p>Rightfully or not, when the flow of federal money in this category starts to dry up, the resulting problems will fall squarely on the mayor’s desk. After all, the median voter is never going to see increasing numbers of homeless encampments and think to blame the head of HUD.</p></blockquote>
<p>Here is <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.urbanproxima.com/p/the-fiscal-crisis-facing-american?hide_intro_popup=true" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the full piece by Jeff Fong</a>.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html">Will U.S. cities face a knock-on fiscal crisis from the feds?</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066290">The median voter is, at some level, much wiser than Jeff Fong: ...</a> <i>by Alamo</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066289">Just rename HUD to “Housing and Urban Decay”.</a> <i>by Biggles f’Tang</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066287">The median voter is, at some level, much wiser than Jeff Fong: ...</a> <i>by Alamo</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066286">In reply to Rich Berger.   Which is the greater money flow: ...</a> <i>by Welp</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comment-161066284">The States need to at least approximately be in balanced ...</a> <i>by DirtyJobsGuy</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=who-pays-for-unions">Who Pays for Unions?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices">Is this why China finds it so hard to inflate producer prices?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>Who Pays for Unions?</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 04:21:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Data Source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economics]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>If unions raise worker wages, who pays? We provide a comprehensive assessment of firm responses to increased unionization, using changes in the tax deductibility of union dues in Norway as a quasi-exogenous source of variation in firm-level union density. In the average private sector firm, higher union density raises labor costs and leads firms to [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html">Who Pays for Unions?</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066288">Please someone reconcile these two statements for me: ...</a> <i>by Dave Smith</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066255">In reply to Al.   “Norwegians report greater satisfaction ...</a> <i>by Wayfaring Stranger</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066252">In reply to Marie.   Could just mean the drugs do work! (As an ...</a> <i>by M</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066251">given union political party corroboration? Latin American shows ...</a> <i>by An analysis please, how are total impacts of unions measured?</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066249">In reply to Al.   These sorts of “happiness” statistics ...</a> <i>by Marie</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comments">Plus 5 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-value-of-behavioral-policies">The Value of Behavioral Policies</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>If unions raise worker wages, who pays? We provide a comprehensive assessment of firm responses to increased unionization, using changes in the tax deductibility of union dues in Norway as a quasi-exogenous source of variation in firm-level union density. In the average private sector firm, higher union density raises labor costs and leads firms to contract employment and production, lowering profits without increasing the labor share. The incidence is shared: consumers bear part of the cost through higher prices, shareholders through lower profits, and the remainder is offset by productivity improvements. The total wage bill falls, with losses concentrated among less-attached “outsider” workers. Firm responses vary systematically by the degree of market competition. In manufacturing, where firms operate in less competitive product and labor markets, the response is reversed: the average firm expands employment and production, reduces labor markdowns, and does not experience profit declines. Instead, higher labor costs are largely passed on to consumers through higher prices, with the remainder offset by productivity gains. Workers benefit as both wages and employment rise. These patterns suggest that unions can offset employer monopsony power and that firm responses–and therefore who ultimately bears the cost-depend importantly on market structure. Overall, unionization in this setting primarily redistributes from consumers rather than shareholders and has effects that differ sharply across firms, including a reallocation toward larger and more productive firms. We rationalize these patterns using a partial-equilibrium model of union bargaining with product- and labor-market power.</p></blockquote>
<p>That is <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://academic.oup.com/qje/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/qje/qjag034/8723324?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener">forthcoming in the QJE</a> by <a class="linked-name js-linked-name-trigger btn-as-link" aria-controls="author-flyout-49526043" aria-expanded="false" data-google-interstitial="false">Samuel Dodini</a><span class="delimiter-margin-left">, </span><a class="linked-name js-linked-name-trigger btn-as-link" aria-controls="author-flyout-49526044" aria-expanded="false" data-google-interstitial="false">Anna Stansbury</a><span class="delimiter-margin-left">, and </span><a class="linked-name js-linked-name-trigger btn-as-link" aria-controls="author-flyout-49526045" aria-expanded="false" data-google-interstitial="false">Alexander Willén.</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html">Who Pays for Unions?</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066288">Please someone reconcile these two statements for me: ...</a> <i>by Dave Smith</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066255">In reply to Al.   “Norwegians report greater satisfaction ...</a> <i>by Wayfaring Stranger</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066252">In reply to Marie.   Could just mean the drugs do work! (As an ...</a> <i>by M</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066251">given union political party corroboration? Latin American shows ...</a> <i>by An analysis please, how are total impacts of unions measured?</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comment-161066249">In reply to Al.   These sorts of “happiness” statistics ...</a> <i>by Marie</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html#comments">Plus 5 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-value-of-behavioral-policies">The Value of Behavioral Policies</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>Wednesday assorted links</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 15:35:40 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>1. A catalog of past AI predictions. 2. Jasmine Sun on why people do not want data centers.  And Jasmine Sun on Ezra Klein, on data centers (NYT). 3. A bot running an SF retail boutique? (NYT) 4. Elise Cawley, RIP. 5. On the NYC grocery store plan. 6. New credit card gives you tokens [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html">Wednesday assorted links</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066279">In reply to Pipsterate.   I don't understand the methodology of ...</a> <i>by MelancholyYuga</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066273">In reply to BC.   My own theory is that data center opposition ...</a> <i>by Hazel Meade</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066271">In reply to John J.   Exactly. Obvious that 99% of the ...</a> <i>by Bob</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066270">In reply to Moses Taylor.   Mt Pleasant, Port Washington, ...</a> <i>by Bob</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066259">In reply to Anti-Gnostic.   I think a nation born for an ideal ...</a> <i>by Dylan</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>1. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://boyswhocriedai.lovable.app/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A catalog of past AI predictions</a>.</p>
<p>2. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://jasmi.news/p/no-data-centers-in-my-backyard" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Jasmine Sun on why people do not want data centers</a>.  And <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nytimes.com/2026/08/04/opinion/ezra-klein-podcast-jasmine-sun.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Jasmine Sun on Ezra Klein, on data centers</a> (NYT).</p>
<p>3. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nytimes.com/2026/08/04/us/ai-boss-san-francisco-andon-market.html?unlocked_article_code=1.21A._-uk.aOuDTHXhmYec&amp;smid=em-share" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A bot running an SF retail boutique?</a> (NYT)</p>
<p>4. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://writings.stephenwolfram.com/2026/08/in-memory-of-my-wife-elise-cawley-1961-2026-with-thanks-for-36-wonderful-years/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Elise Cawley, RIP</a>.</p>
<p>5. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://x.com/nickkokonas/status/2084312689682108669?s=61" target="_blank" rel="noopener">On the NYC grocery store plan</a>.</p>
<p>6. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://x.com/jenzhuscott/status/2084522422645199116" target="_blank" rel="noopener">New credit card gives you tokens instead of miles</a>.</p>
<p>7. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.noahpinion.blog/p/the-end-of-the-age-of-heroes?ref=thebrowser.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Does AI mean the end of math heroes?</a>  Some other heroes too?</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html">Wednesday assorted links</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066279">In reply to Pipsterate.   I don't understand the methodology of ...</a> <i>by MelancholyYuga</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066273">In reply to BC.   My own theory is that data center opposition ...</a> <i>by Hazel Meade</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066271">In reply to John J.   Exactly. Obvious that 99% of the ...</a> <i>by Bob</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066270">In reply to Moses Taylor.   Mt Pleasant, Port Washington, ...</a> <i>by Bob</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comment-161066259">In reply to Anti-Gnostic.   I think a nation born for an ideal ...</a> <i>by Dylan</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/wednesday-assorted-links-565.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>Dominant Assurance Contract aka Refund Bonus Explainer</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Alex Tabarrok]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 11:16:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=93541</guid>
					<description><![CDATA[<p>I created the dominant assurance contract aka the refund bonus mechanism in 1998&#8211;it&#8217;s a mechanism capable of producing some types of public goods privately&#8211;in recent years working with Tim Cason and Robertas Zubrickas I&#8217;ve put refund bonuses to the test in lab experiments and they work! I&#8217;ve written an accessible Refund Bonus Explainer that covers [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html">Dominant Assurance Contract aka Refund Bonus Explainer</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066248">In reply to notRover.   Almost none of which went to pay for ...</a> <i>by Thomas L Hutcheson</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066247">In reply to Brian Villanueva.   ??? “You want them to?” ...</a> <i>by Thomas L Hutcheson</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066220">In reply to Brian Villanueva.   We have 40 trillion dollars in ...</a> <i>by notRover</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066196">In reply to Brian Villanueva.   It's a good question. NAP is ...</a> <i>by Gilligan</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066193">By adding this kind of consensus requirement, you hand veto ...</a> <i>by Logan</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I created the dominant assurance contract aka the refund bonus mechanism in 1998&#8211;it&#8217;s a mechanism capable of producing some types of public goods privately&#8211;in recent years working with Tim Cason and Robertas Zubrickas I&#8217;ve put refund bonuses to the test in lab experiments and they work! I&#8217;ve written an accessible <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://alextabarrok.com/explainers/refund-bonuses/">Refund Bonus Explainer</a> that covers this body of work. Here&#8217;s one bit:</p>
<blockquote><p>The dike is a public good. Once it stands, it protects everyone nearby, and a neighbor who contributed nothing cannot easily be excluded. That property is what makes it hard to finance.</p>
<p>Paul Samuelson defined public goods in 1954, and he was pessimistic about them. Each person does better by understating what the good is worth to him, so it is, in Samuelson&#8217;s words, “in the selfish interest of each person to give false signals, to pretend to have less interest in a given collective consumption activity than he really has.” From this he concluded that “no decentralized pricing system can serve to determine optimally these levels of collective consumption.” Public goods, on this view, are what governments are for. Refund bonuses challenge that conclusion.</p></blockquote>
<p>Read the <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://alextabarrok.com/explainers/refund-bonuses/">whole thing</a> and here is my <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://mason.gmu.edu/~atabarro/RentControl/">Rent Control Explainer</a>.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html">Dominant Assurance Contract aka Refund Bonus Explainer</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066248">In reply to notRover.   Almost none of which went to pay for ...</a> <i>by Thomas L Hutcheson</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066247">In reply to Brian Villanueva.   ??? “You want them to?” ...</a> <i>by Thomas L Hutcheson</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066220">In reply to Brian Villanueva.   We have 40 trillion dollars in ...</a> <i>by notRover</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066196">In reply to Brian Villanueva.   It's a good question. NAP is ...</a> <i>by Gilligan</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comment-161066193">By adding this kind of consensus requirement, you hand veto ...</a> <i>by Logan</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/dominant-assurance-contract-aka-refund-bonus-explainer.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>Is this why China finds it so hard to inflate producer prices?</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 07:20:41 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Economics]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=93533</guid>
					<description><![CDATA[<p>This paper investigates why China’s recurrent credit expansions have coincided with persistently weak inflation. We argue that this pattern reflects the country’s production-oriented monetary regime. At the aggregate level, faster monetary-financial expansion temporarily raises PPI inflation but depresses it over longer horizons. At the sectoral level, liability growth among listed industrial firms is followed by [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html">Is this why China finds it so hard to inflate producer prices?</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066238">In reply to Kaleberg.   Re; stimulus and profits, there's maybe ...</a> <i>by M</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066233">In reply to Kaleberg.   Kaleberg,   This captures the essence: ...</a> <i>by Kaz Stanczak</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066232">In reply to Scott Sumner.   Scott, very insightful comment.:) ...</a> <i>by Kaz Stanczak</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066230">In reply to rsm.   (1) Of course, firms keep waiting as long as ...</a> <i>by Kaz Stanczak</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066228">**The short version: when China pumps out credit, the money ...</a> <i>by Bob saget here</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds">Will U.S. cities face a knock-on fiscal crisis from the feds?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=who-pays-for-unions">Who Pays for Unions?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>This paper investigates why China’s recurrent credit expansions have coincided with persistently weak inflation. We argue that this pattern reflects the country’s production-oriented monetary regime. At the aggregate level, faster monetary-financial expansion temporarily raises PPI inflation but depresses it over longer horizons. At the sectoral level, liability growth among listed industrial firms is followed by weaker producer prices, lower profitability, higher leverage, rising inventories, and reduced capacity utilization. We also find asymmetric supply-chain transmission: downstream liability growth raises upstream PPI inflation, while upstream liability growth does not generate a corresponding downstream price response. These findings indicate that credit expansion in China tends to sustain production and balance sheets rather than stimulate final demand. As a result, monetary policy operates less as a conventional tool for demand management and durable reflation, and more as a mechanism for preserving production capacity and supporting growth.</p></blockquote>
<p>That is from <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/papers/w35562#fromrss" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a new paper</a> by <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/jinfan_zhang">Jeffery (Jinfan) Chang</a> </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> &amp; <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/wei_xiong">Wei Xiong</a></span>.  I have to say I understand the result but not exactly the mechanism.  I am reminded of Milton Friedman&#8217;s dictum not to focus too much on the first-order effects of an increase in money supply.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html">Is this why China finds it so hard to inflate producer prices?</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066238">In reply to Kaleberg.   Re; stimulus and profits, there's maybe ...</a> <i>by M</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066233">In reply to Kaleberg.   Kaleberg,   This captures the essence: ...</a> <i>by Kaz Stanczak</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066232">In reply to Scott Sumner.   Scott, very insightful comment.:) ...</a> <i>by Kaz Stanczak</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066230">In reply to rsm.   (1) Of course, firms keep waiting as long as ...</a> <i>by Kaz Stanczak</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comment-161066228">**The short version: when China pumps out credit, the money ...</a> <i>by Bob saget here</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/is-this-why-china-finds-it-so-hard-to-inflate-producer-prices.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=will-u-s-cities-face-a-knock-on-fiscal-crisis-from-the-feds">Will U.S. cities face a knock-on fiscal crisis from the feds?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=who-pays-for-unions">Who Pays for Unions?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>Victor Niederhoffer, RIP</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 06:04:51 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>In addition to his well-known public roles, he worked very hard to help and befriend me when I was younger.  Here are the Google searches for Victor.  Less well known about Victor is that he had one of the world&#8217;s best collections of private letters.  He also once gave me a very nice small painting [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html">Victor Niederhoffer, RIP</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066185">“Weather maps were invented by the ingenious English ...</a> <i>by Deke DaSilva</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066063">In reply to rayward.   For a time he was mostly a systematic ...</a> <i>by Brent Buckner</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066047">Clearly an interesting individual who danced to his own tune, ...</a> <i>by gimmeabreak</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066046">The first time I heard of Tyler Cowen was when he was a speaker ...</a> <i>by Doubtful</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066045">He went to my high school (Lincoln) and left Harvard trailing ...</a> <i>by Stickler Boy</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comments">Plus 7 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In addition to his well-known public roles, he worked very hard to help and befriend me when I was younger.  Here are <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.google.com/search?q=victor+niederhoffer&amp;sca_esv=d0b419d1da6f3190&amp;sxsrf=APpeQntzRJrTozlxfQCB_UhUBOeBVmloRQ%3A1785909776512&amp;source=hp&amp;ei=ENJyatOQHNq1i-gP_cDVyQg&amp;iflsig=ABILxe8AAAAAanLgIPmDF2Uub3Rae_MDGQPZbJUSgVDY&amp;gs_ssp=eJzj4tTP1TcwKyg3MDVg9BIuy0wuyS9SyMtMTUktyshPS0stAgCgagrH&amp;oq=victor+nid&amp;gs_lp=Egdnd3Mtd2l6Igp2aWN0b3IgbmlkKgIIADIJEC4YChgLGIAEMgkQABiABBgKGAsyCRAAGIAEGAoYCzIJEAAYgAQYChgLMgkQABiABBgKGAsyCRAAGIAEGAoYCzIJEAAYgAQYChgLMgkQABiABBgKGAsyCRAAGIAEGAoYCzIJEC4YgAQYChgLSOkcUABY_QtwAHgAkAEBmAGMAqABuwyqAQUxLjcuMrgBAcgBAPgBAZgCCaACvgvCAgUQABiABMICCxAuGIAEGMcBGNEDwgILEC4YgAQYxwEYrwHCAgUQLhiABJgDAJIHBTEuNy4xoAeEoQGyBwUxLjcuMbgHvgvCBwUyLTUuNMgHQoAIAQ&amp;sclient=gws-wiz" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the Google searches for Victor</a>.  Less well known about Victor is that he had one of the world&#8217;s best collections of private letters.  He also once gave me a very nice small painting by Jack Savitzky, for which I remain grateful.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html">Victor Niederhoffer, RIP</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066185">“Weather maps were invented by the ingenious English ...</a> <i>by Deke DaSilva</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066063">In reply to rayward.   For a time he was mostly a systematic ...</a> <i>by Brent Buckner</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066047">Clearly an interesting individual who danced to his own tune, ...</a> <i>by gimmeabreak</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066046">The first time I heard of Tyler Cowen was when he was a speaker ...</a> <i>by Doubtful</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comment-161066045">He went to my high school (Lincoln) and left Harvard trailing ...</a> <i>by Stickler Boy</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/victor-niederhoffer-rip.html#comments">Plus 7 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>The Value of Behavioral Policies</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 04:51:59 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[Economics]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Behavioral interventions have become central to modern public policy, but their empirical promise remains contested because estimated treatment effects often appear small. We argue that a policy response is economically meaningful only relative to the response generated by alternative policies. We assemble more than 1,200 estimates from over 600 studies comparing “nudges” and traditional price [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html">The Value of Behavioral Policies</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html#comment-161066203">In reply to MikeP.   it was an just example, there are many ...</a> <i>by JM</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html#comment-161066122">In reply to JM.   It is hard to conceive of a worse paper from ...</a> <i>by MikeP</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html#comment-161066120">In reply to JM.   It is hard to conceive of a worse paper from ...</a> <i>by MikeP</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html#comment-161066057">In reply to Stephen.   ” it isn't peer reviewed, isn't ...</a> <i>by Wayfaring Stranger</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html#comment-161066053">In reply to MikeP.   I went to the effort to read the paper ...</a> <i>by Stephen</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=who-pays-for-unions">Who Pays for Unions?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration">The economics of H-1B immigration</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Behavioral interventions have become central to modern public policy, but their empirical promise remains contested because estimated treatment effects often appear small. We argue that a policy response is economically meaningful only relative to the response generated by alternative policies. We assemble more than 1,200 estimates from over 600 studies comparing “nudges” and traditional price interventions in the markets for cigarettes, alcohol, influenza vaccination, electricity, and residential water. Translating nudge effects into equivalent price changes, we find that behavioral interventions often correspond to enormous fiscal interventions, from an 11% tax on electricity to a 100% subsidy on influenza vaccinations. Nudges are also more cost-effective than price instruments in all markets, but cost-effectiveness does not predict the welfare ranking of policies. Using a behavioral extension of the Marginal Value of Public Funds, we show that nudges have high welfare returns at the margin, while price instruments often generate larger total surplus at scale.</p></blockquote>
<p>That is from <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/papers/w35567#fromrss" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a new NBER working paper</a> by <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/john_list">John A. List</a>, </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/marode">Matthias Rodemeier</a>, </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/sutanuka_roy">Sutanuka Roy</a> </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> &amp; <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/gregsun">Gregory K. Sun</a>.</span></p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-value-of-behavioral-policies.html">The Value of Behavioral Policies</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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		<title>Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2026 18:51:23 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=93514</guid>
					<description><![CDATA[<p>We estimate the economic value of zoning reform in São Paulo, which altered maximum permitted construction along transportation corridors. Developers increased filings for multifamily construction in blocks affected by the reform, leading to more housing supply and lower housing prices in neighborhoods that allow more densification. Our equilibrium model of housing markets estimates an aggregate [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>We estimate the economic value of zoning reform in São Paulo, which altered maximum permitted construction along transportation corridors. Developers increased filings for multifamily construction in blocks affected by the reform, leading to more housing supply and lower housing prices in neighborhoods that allow more densification. Our equilibrium model of housing markets estimates an aggregate 1.6 percent increase in housing stock and a 0.4 percent reduction in prices, resulting in large housing wealth transfers from current to future homeowners. The reform produced welfare gains of 0.65 percent of city GDP, mostly due to developer profits and consumer gains from the newly built environment.</p></blockquote>
<p>That is <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/pol.20230542" target="_blank" rel="noopener">from the AEA policy journal</a>, by <span data-olk-copy-source="MessageBody">Santosh Anagol, Fernando Ferreira, and Jonah Rexer.</span></p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html#comment-161066219">In reply to rayward.   You get informed decisions when you ...</a> <i>by Anthony</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html#comment-161066040">In reply to TMC.   Not just contract but also property rights; ...</a> <i>by Property Lawyer</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html#comment-161066039">In reply to rsm.   Economists toe the liberal line, which is ...</a> <i>by Anti-Gnostic</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html#comment-161066035">In reply to Mactoul.   Whatever. If you want to build an ...</a> <i>by Anti-Gnostic</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html#comment-161066021">In reply to Sure.   SF is a weird case. To a weirdly large ...</a> <i>by Old Programmer</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration">The economics of H-1B immigration</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=who-pays-for-unions">Who Pays for Unions?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>Tuesday assorted links</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2026 15:29:06 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=93531</guid>
					<description><![CDATA[<p>1. Selecting innovation funding mechanisms. 2. Helen Andrews on race. 3. Famous radio station goes all-automated. 4. On Stefanie Stantcheva. 5. ChinaTalk submission hiring contest. 6. New Hamilton faculty at University of Florida, 21 of them. 7. Battery in your backyard? (WSJ) 8. How Americans are talking to Claude about politics.</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html">Tuesday assorted links</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066164">Re: #2: She writes: It will no longer work for a country where ...</a> <i>by Victor</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066149">I prefer Heinlein's formulation. “I am free because I know ...</a> <i>by Bernard Guerrero</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066128">In reply to Hazel Meade.   These comments miss Andrews' most ...</a> <i>by Kent Guida</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066073">In reply to Hazel Meade.   Perfect libertarian sentence. ...</a> <i>by Naveen_K</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066064">In reply to Dismalist.   Thanks! The Cato analysis was ...</a> <i>by qetzal</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>1. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/papers/w35549#fromrss" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Selecting innovation funding mechanisms</a>.</p>
<p>2. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.compactmag.com/article/the-racial-crossroads/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Helen Andrews on race</a>.</p>
<p>3. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://x.com/michaelsocolow/status/2084113426872242623?s=46&amp;t=QjfV_ZHNvP2ulzJ-j8JFcg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Famous radio station goes all-automated</a>.</p>
<p>4. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.20251483" target="_blank" rel="noopener">On Stefanie Stantcheva</a>.</p>
<p>5. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.chinatalk.media/p/50k-chinatalk-submission-hiring-contest" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ChinaTalk submission hiring contest</a>.</p>
<p>6. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://news.ufl.edu/2026/08/hamilton-faculty/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">New Hamilton faculty at University of Florida, 21 of them</a>.</p>
<p>7. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.wsj.com/business/energy-oil/zach-dell-is-raising-money-to-put-a-battery-in-your-backyard-cd7e52e8?mod=e2tw" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Battery in your backyard?</a> (WSJ)</p>
<p>8. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://freesystems.substack.com/p/mapping-americas-political-conversations" target="_blank" rel="noopener">How Americans are talking to Claude about politics</a>.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html">Tuesday assorted links</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066164">Re: #2: She writes: It will no longer work for a country where ...</a> <i>by Victor</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066149">I prefer Heinlein's formulation. “I am free because I know ...</a> <i>by Bernard Guerrero</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066128">In reply to Hazel Meade.   These comments miss Andrews' most ...</a> <i>by Kent Guida</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066073">In reply to Hazel Meade.   Perfect libertarian sentence. ...</a> <i>by Naveen_K</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comment-161066064">In reply to Dismalist.   Thanks! The Cato analysis was ...</a> <i>by qetzal</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/tuesday-assorted-links-580.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>The economics of H-1B immigration</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2026 06:23:41 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Data Source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Law]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>We study the effects of H-1B immigration on U.S. industries that employ H-1B workers and their trading partners. Using a novel cross-industry design and the 1999–2003 expansion of the H-1B visa cap for identification, we find that H-1B exposure raised incomes for natives and pre-existing immigrants, with gains concentrated in non-STEM occupations. Income gains propagate [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html">The economics of H-1B immigration</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161066134">In reply to Hazel Meade.   “What makes you think US colleges ...</a> <i>by SamChevre</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161066077">In reply to Sure.   Mactoul:  Property rights themselves are a ...</a> <i>by Sure</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161065993">In reply to hash872.   //The idea that they're locked to 1 ...</a> <i>by Dr. Cornelius</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161065991">In reply to Sure.   There is nothing wrong in changing zoning, ...</a> <i>by Mactoul</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161065990">In reply to BC.   I could be convinced of tradeability.   Of ...</a> <i>by Sure</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=who-pays-for-unions">Who Pays for Unions?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>We study the effects of H-1B immigration on U.S. industries that employ H-1B workers and their trading partners. Using a novel cross-industry design and the 1999–2003 expansion of the H-1B visa cap for identification, we find that H-1B exposure raised incomes for natives and pre-existing immigrants, with gains concentrated in non-STEM occupations. Income gains propagate forward through supply chains to downstream industries but not backward to upstream industries, consistent with a productivity shock rather than a labor supply shock. We find no direct effect on patenting, suggesting that productivity gains arise from better task execution rather than patentable invention.</p></blockquote>
<p>That is from <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/papers/w35560#fromrss" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a new NBER working paper</a> by <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/ran_abramitzky">Ran Abramitzky</a>, </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/leah_boustan">Leah Platt Boustan</a>, </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/ahmet_gulek">Ahmet Gulek</a> </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> &amp; <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/jens_hainmueller">Jens Hainmueller</a>.</span></p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html">The economics of H-1B immigration</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161066134">In reply to Hazel Meade.   “What makes you think US colleges ...</a> <i>by SamChevre</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161066077">In reply to Sure.   Mactoul:  Property rights themselves are a ...</a> <i>by Sure</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161065993">In reply to hash872.   //The idea that they're locked to 1 ...</a> <i>by Dr. Cornelius</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161065991">In reply to Sure.   There is nothing wrong in changing zoning, ...</a> <i>by Mactoul</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comment-161065990">In reply to BC.   I could be convinced of tradeability.   Of ...</a> <i>by Sure</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-economics-off-h-1b-immigration.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=estimating-the-economic-value-of-zoning-reform">Estimating the Economic Value of Zoning Reform</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/the-binmen-of-birmingham.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-binmen-of-birmingham">The Binmen of Birmingham</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/who-pays-for-unions.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=who-pays-for-unions">Who Pays for Unions?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>Emergent Ventures winners, 57th cohort</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2026 05:16:58 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=93437</guid>
					<description><![CDATA[<p>Oisin O’Gorman, 15, Dublin, misinformation and fakes. Karsen Lee Wahal, Stanford, is AI killing the web?, and measuring media slant. Davy Deng, with Claire Wang (previous winner), whole brain emulation, MIT. Enej Grmek, 16, Ljubljana, privacy. Vladimir Shmelev, Ukraine, Ukrainian children for relief trips to Montenegro. Nik Verma, Chicago, a legal framework for AI agents. [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html">Emergent Ventures winners, 57th cohort</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065981">In reply to mkt42.   Near San Jose there are many fewer 70mm, ...</a> <i>by MikeP</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065954">In reply to MikeP.   Evidently people in Portland are favoring ...</a> <i>by mkt42</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065891">In reply to mkt42.   My kid, who saw it in IMAX before seeing ...</a> <i>by MikeP</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065781">In reply to Action Figure.   I attended a talk yesterday where ...</a> <i>by mkt42</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065754">In reply to Rahul.   The web is already full of AI-generated ...</a> <i>by Action Figure</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comments">Plus 4 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-india-18th-cohort.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=emergent-ventures-india-18th-cohort">Emergent Ventures India, 18th cohort</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/an-experiment-for-our-schools.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=an-experiment-for-our-schools">An experiment for our schools</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/reforms-to-the-phd.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=reforms-to-the-phd">Reforms to the PhD?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://irishtechnews.ie/deepfakes-project-earns-engineers-ireland-award-for-castleknock-school-at-stripe-young-scientist-technology-exhibition-2026/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Oisin O’Gorman</a>, 15, Dublin, misinformation and fakes.</p>
<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://karsenleewahal.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Karsen Lee Wahal</a>, Stanford, is AI killing the web?, and measuring media slant.</p>
<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.linkedin.com/in/davy-deng-280638194/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Davy Deng</a>, with Claire Wang (previous winner), whole brain emulation, MIT.</p>
<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.linkedin.com/in/enej-grmek-20710b274/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Enej Grmek</a>, 16, Ljubljana, privacy.</p>
<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.facebook.com/vladimir.shmelev.54/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Vladimir Shmelev</a>, Ukraine, Ukrainian children for relief trips to Montenegro.</p>
<p>Nik Verma, Chicago, a legal framework for AI agents.</p>
<p>Emirhan Demir and Çınar Yıldırım, Istanbul area, 19, protection against AI agents.</p>
<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.linkedin.com/in/midhat-doruk-g%C3%B6l-5689063ab/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Midhat Doruk</a>, 14, Ankara, longevity, biology, and skin cosmetics.</p>
<p>Burak Yilmaz, 17, Diyarbarkir, Turkey, browser-native authentication.</p>
<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_Strickland" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Lloyd Strickland</a>, London, to publish the remaining Leibniz papers, including on computation.</p>
<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.linkedin.com/in/abdul-quyum-9a2a513a6/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Abdul Quyum</a>, 15, Perth, organizing information and data.</p>
<p><a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.linkedin.com/in/catharine-young-ph-d-25959148/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Catharine Young</a>, podcast on women in science, science communication tranche, Cambridge/DC.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html">Emergent Ventures winners, 57th cohort</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065981">In reply to mkt42.   Near San Jose there are many fewer 70mm, ...</a> <i>by MikeP</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065954">In reply to MikeP.   Evidently people in Portland are favoring ...</a> <i>by mkt42</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065891">In reply to mkt42.   My kid, who saw it in IMAX before seeing ...</a> <i>by MikeP</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065781">In reply to Action Figure.   I attended a talk yesterday where ...</a> <i>by mkt42</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comment-161065754">In reply to Rahul.   The web is already full of AI-generated ...</a> <i>by Action Figure</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-winners-57th-cohort.html#comments">Plus 4 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/emergent-ventures-india-18th-cohort.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=emergent-ventures-india-18th-cohort">Emergent Ventures India, 18th cohort</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/an-experiment-for-our-schools.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=an-experiment-for-our-schools">An experiment for our schools</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/reforms-to-the-phd.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=reforms-to-the-phd">Reforms to the PhD?</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>How does the market regard stablecoins?</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2026 18:32:18 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=93532</guid>
					<description><![CDATA[<p>We study the demand for safety and liquidity in the crypto ecosystem. We do so under a framework in which a representative investor allocates liquidity across stablecoin deposits in lending pools and traditional safe assets (e.g., MMF shares). Our model delivers three main predictions: (i) the stablecoin deposit premium co-moves with the Treasury premium when [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html">How does the market regard stablecoins?</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065728">Come on, the real crypto news of the day is the most popular ...</a> <i>by Bob</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065669">Well if you can't sell your stable coin to investors, just ...</a> <i>by Wayfaring Stranger</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065660">How does the market regard stablecoins?   They were the only ...</a> <i>by MikeP</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065625">How does the market regard stablecoins?   As substitutes for ...</a> <i>by Dismalist</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065612">Are tokens like stablecoins, an opaque way to impose a user ...</a> <i>by rayward</i></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>We study the demand for safety and liquidity in the crypto ecosystem. We do so under a framework in which a representative investor allocates liquidity across stablecoin deposits in lending pools and traditional safe assets (e.g., MMF shares). Our model delivers three main predictions: (i) the stablecoin deposit premium co-moves with the Treasury premium when investors value the safety and liquidity services of stablecoins; (ii) increases in Treasury supply reduce the stablecoin deposit premium; and (iii) drops in the perceived safety and liquidity of stablecoin deposits (e.g., due to de-pegs or hacker attacks) reduce their premium. Using granular data from hundreds of DeFi pools spanning multiple protocols, tokens, and blockchains, we find evidence supporting these predictions. Investors treat stablecoin deposits as money-like instruments that are borderless and permissionless, yet as fragile as other forms of privately produced safe assets.</p></blockquote>
<p>That is from <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/papers/w35557#fromrss" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a new NBER working paper</a> by <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/murillo_campello">Murillo Campello</a>, </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/angela_gallo">Angela Gallo</a>, </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/lira_mota">Lira Mota</a> </span> <span class="page-header__author-item"> &amp; <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.nber.org/people/tammaro">Tammaro Terracciano</a>.</span></p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html">How does the market regard stablecoins?</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065728">Come on, the real crypto news of the day is the most popular ...</a> <i>by Bob</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065669">Well if you can't sell your stable coin to investors, just ...</a> <i>by Wayfaring Stranger</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065660">How does the market regard stablecoins?   They were the only ...</a> <i>by MikeP</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065625">How does the market regard stablecoins?   As substitutes for ...</a> <i>by Dismalist</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/how-does-the-market-regard-stablecoins.html#comment-161065612">Are tokens like stablecoins, an opaque way to impose a user ...</a> <i>by rayward</i></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>Monday assorted links</title>
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					<comments>https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2026 15:43:56 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=93529</guid>
					<description><![CDATA[<p>1. A new simulation argument? 2. PC on aesthetics. 3. An interview with Yiyang Zhuge. 4. The truth and aesthetics of going to church? 5. Some forms of math cope? And a different view. 6. At the demolition derby.</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html">Monday assorted links</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
<div style="clear:both;padding-top:0.2em;"><a title="Like on Facebook" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/28/966044645/marginalrevolution"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/fblike20.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a title="Pin it!" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/29/966044645/marginalrevolution,"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/pinterest20.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a title="Post to X.com" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/24/966044645/marginalrevolution"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/x.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a title="Subscribe by email" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/19/966044645/marginalrevolution"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/email20.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a title="Subscribe by RSS" href="https://feeds.feedblitz.com/_/20/966044645/marginalrevolution"><img height="20" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/rss20.png" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;"></a>&#160;<a rel="NOFOLLOW" title="View Comments" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comments"><img height="20" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/comments20.png"></a>&#160;<a title="Follow Comments via RSS" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html/feed"><img height="20" style="border:0;margin:0;padding:0;" src="https://assets.feedblitz.com/i/commentsrss20.png"></a>&nbsp;
<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161066215">1. Mo' vibe coding, mo' vibe philosophy.</a> <i>by Crikey</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161066213">In reply to Alamo.   Check Levy Rosman's channel for his AI ...</a> <i>by JC</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161065998">In reply to Dennis Duffy.   >way too many words spilled over an ...</a> <i>by JWC</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161065889">In reply to Dennis Duffy.   This individual decision is a ...</a> <i>by ohwilleke</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161065843">In reply to steve.   Fanny Crosby wrote 8000 hymns, the ...</a> <i>by anonprof</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>1. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://x.com/zagrebbi/status/2083733217173983303" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A new simulation argument?</a></p>
<p>2. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://x.com/patrickc/status/2083931939673878592" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PC on aesthetics</a>.</p>
<p>3. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.jackmillercenter.org/interview/an-interview-with-yiyang-zhuge" target="_blank" rel="noopener">An interview with Yiyang Zhuge</a>.</p>
<p>4. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/why-i-shouldnt-go-to-church-anymore?utm_source=post-email-title&amp;publication_id=3063360&amp;post_id=209071189&amp;utm_campaign=email-post-title&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=3o9&amp;triedRedirect=true&amp;utm_medium=email" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The truth and aesthetics of going to church?</a></p>
<p>5. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://x.com/zetalyrae/status/2083775923623698889?s=61" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Some forms of math cope?</a> And <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://x.com/NateWitkin/status/2084001064181788843" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a different view</a>.</p>
<p>6. <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.commonreader.co.uk/p/smash-bang-and-civilization?utm_source=post-email-title&amp;publication_id=120973&amp;post_id=209568396&amp;utm_campaign=email-post-title&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=3o9&amp;triedRedirect=true&amp;utm_medium=email" target="_blank" rel="noopener">At the demolition derby</a>.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html">Monday assorted links</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161066215">1. Mo' vibe coding, mo' vibe philosophy.</a> <i>by Crikey</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161066213">In reply to Alamo.   Check Levy Rosman's channel for his AI ...</a> <i>by JC</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161065998">In reply to Dennis Duffy.   >way too many words spilled over an ...</a> <i>by JWC</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161065889">In reply to Dennis Duffy.   This individual decision is a ...</a> <i>by ohwilleke</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comment-161065843">In reply to steve.   Fanny Crosby wrote 8000 hymns, the ...</a> <i>by anonprof</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/monday-assorted-links-571.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div>&#160;</div>]]>
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		<title>What should I ask Nick Bostrom?</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tyler Cowen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2026 13:20:26 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Philosophy]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Yes I will be doing a Conversation with him.  So what should I ask? If you need them, here are various Bostrom links.</p>
<p>The post <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html">What should I ask Nick Bostrom?</a> appeared first on <a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161066072">In reply to Dispatching from the Global South.   I also ...</a> <i>by john</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161065928">In reply to John from London.   Hmmm. Maybe so. For that line ...</a> <i>by Jumfrey Tuckins, President of Texas</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161065867">If the VWH is true, then accelerating the development of ...</a> <i>by Eli</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161065773">In reply to Mark Bahner.   My kingdom for an editing button. ...</a> <i>by Mark Bahner</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161065770">In reply to Moral Panic.   I'm going to take a wild guess, and ...</a> <i>by Mark Bahner</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/on-infinite-ethics.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=on-infinite-ethics">On infinite ethics</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/could-our-preoccupation-with-mental-health-be-part-of-the-problem.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=could-our-preoccupation-with-mental-health-be-part-of-the-problem">Could our preoccupation with mental health be part of the problem?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/odysseus-notes.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=odysseus-notes">Odysseus notes</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
</description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Yes I will be doing a Conversation with him.  So what should I ask?</p>
<p>If you need them, here are <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://www.google.com/search?q=nick+bostrom&amp;sca_esv=e9a52b70d8558faf&amp;sxsrf=APpeQns3mxUwDhPtW4Kbd8gZcs7zJTGvsw%3A1785738055972&amp;source=hp&amp;ei=RzNwaobaONmei-gPm_Wu6Qo&amp;iflsig=ABILxe8AAAAAanBBV6rOiekENB2ZPx3cAF9TgSMKGVSg&amp;gs_ssp=eJzj4tTP1TcwMikyLjJg9OLJy0zOVkjKLy4pys8FAFr-B94&amp;oq=nick+bostrom&amp;gs_lp=Egdnd3Mtd2l6IgxuaWNrIGJvc3Ryb20qAggAMgUQLhiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQLhiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQABiABEjbGlAAWOsJcAB4AJABAZgBwQGgAYcMqgEEMS4xMbgBAcgBAPgBAZgCC6AC_gvCAgsQLhiABBjHARjRA5gDAJIHBDAuMTGgB8ekAbIHBDAuMTG4B_4LwgcHMi0yLjcuMsgHmgGACAE&amp;sclient=gws-wiz" target="_blank" rel="noopener">various Bostrom links</a>.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html">What should I ask Nick Bostrom?</a> appeared first on <a href="http://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/t/0/0/marginalrevolution/~https://marginalrevolution.com">Marginal REVOLUTION</a>.</p>
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<div style="clear:left;"><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comments"><h3>Comments</h3></a><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161066072">In reply to Dispatching from the Global South.   I also ...</a> <i>by john</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161065928">In reply to John from London.   Hmmm. Maybe so. For that line ...</a> <i>by Jumfrey Tuckins, President of Texas</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161065867">If the VWH is true, then accelerating the development of ...</a> <i>by Eli</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161065773">In reply to Mark Bahner.   My kingdom for an editing button. ...</a> <i>by Mark Bahner</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comment-161065770">In reply to Moral Panic.   I'm going to take a wild guess, and ...</a> <i>by Mark Bahner</i><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/what-should-i-ask-nick-bostrom.html#comments">Plus 10 more...</a></li></ul></div><h3 style="clear:left;padding-top:10px">Related Stories</h3><ul><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/08/on-infinite-ethics.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=on-infinite-ethics">On infinite ethics</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/could-our-preoccupation-with-mental-health-be-part-of-the-problem.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=could-our-preoccupation-with-mental-health-be-part-of-the-problem">Could our preoccupation with mental health be part of the problem?</a></li><li><a rel="NOFOLLOW" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2026/07/odysseus-notes.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=odysseus-notes">Odysseus notes</a></li></ul>&#160;</div>]]>
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