• Comment
• Franca Maria Feisel, A ‘Whole-Of-Society Approach’ to Defending Democracy in the EU
• Nachruf
• Matthias Hartwig, Georg Nolte, Stefan Oeter, & Christian Walter, Prof. Dr. Dres. h. c. Jochen Abr. Frowein (1934-2026)
• Re-Reading Historic Articles in the ZaöRV: Anniversary Series
• Russell A. Miller, Professor Frowein, German Reunification, and the Tension of Modern Law
• Abhandlungen
• Florian Kriener, Mapping the International Law of Peaceful Protest
• Maria O’Sullivan, Climate Protest and the Right of Resistance in Inter- national Law
• Marcos Antonio Vela Ávalos, The Right to Protest in the Inter-American Human Rights Framework
• Dmitrii Kuznetsov, From Hope to Despair: The Evolution of Protest Rights During Russia’s Council of Europe Membership
• Zoe Louise Tongue, Protest as Counter-Hegemonic Human Rights Work: Lessons from Abortion Rights Movements
• Johanna Bücker & Lina Möller, Beyond Derogation: Context-Driven Interpretation of Migrants’ Rights as a Novel Justification under the ECHR
• Dana Burchardt, The ADBAT before the Human Rights Committee: Globalising Waite and Kennedy but Failing to Protect Judicial Independence Effectively
• Johanna Fink, Die EU-Blocking-Verordnung als Machtinstrument zwischen Völkerrecht und Geoökonomie – eine Analyse im Lichte der EU-Strategie für wirtschaftliche Souveränität

     

• Special Issue: Perspectives on sustainable development in the Arctic
• Laura Létourneau-Tremblay & Charles Codère, Introduction: Perspectives on Sustainable Development in the Arctic
• Florian Vidal, Security Versus Sustainability? The Regulatory Battle Behind Arctic Mining in Greenland and Norway
• Maxim Usynin, The Role of Private Law and Climate Change Mitigation Along the Northern Sea Route: A Look into the Future
• A. Stella Ebbersmeyer, Black Carbon Emissions from Arctic Shipping: Towards Captured or Common Interest Regulation?
• Marco Pertile, Three Legal Tools to Address the US ‘Proposal’ of Acquisition of Greenland: Cession, the Svalbard Treaty Model, and the Case for a Sui Generis Treaty
• Thomas Baycock, Sara Dal Monico, & Mathilde Morel, Reconsidering the Role of International Law in the Arctic: Why We Should Exercise Caution in Relying on the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement to Conserve Biodiversity in the Arctic Ocean

     

• Special Issue: ISDS Reform: Past, Present, and Future
• Jonathan Bonnitcha & Catharine Titi, The Work of UNCITRAL Working Group III: How Process Shapes Outcomes
• Richard C. Chen, International Investment Law Reform and the Problem of Discretion
• Laura Létourneau-Tremblay, Deference, Environment and ISDS Reform
• Vy Nguyen Thao Ngo & Quyen Ngoc Phuong Nguyen, Can Data Qualify as a Protected Investment? Unlocking Digital Value under International Investment Law
• Patricia Wiater, Investor Accountability Through Counterclaims and Damage Assessment: Rebalancing ISDS
• Jonathan Bonnitcha, José Manuel Alvarez-Zárate, Marcin J Menkes, Josef Ostřanský, & Yanwen Zhang, The Assessment and Calculation of Damages in Treaty-Based ISDS
• Michele Potestà & Johannes Fahner, From Annulment to Appeal: Worlds Apart or Best of Both Worlds?

     

• Jacque Gao & Frederick R. Chen, Less is more: Property rights and dictators’ demand for foreign direct investment
• Roman-Gabriel Olar, Locking in democracy? Transitions, returning autocratic elites, and human rights treaty commitment
• Ruixing Cao & Shane Hsuan-Yu Lin, Leaders’ educational backgrounds and Chinese official finance
• Jillienne Haglund & Francesca Parente, Balancing justice: Damages awarded by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights
• Jan Philipp Krügel & Nicola Maaser, How do higher-order punishment institutions shape cooperation and norm-enforcement?
• Ayse Eldes, Jieun Lee, & Iain Osgood, Allied import options available? Finding friendly trade partners amidst decoupling from China
• Emilia Justyna Powell & Aníbal Pérez-Liñán, Compliance with decisions of the Permanent Court of Arbitration
• Joshua Fjelstul, Simon Hug, & Christopher Kilby, Decision-making in the United Nations General Assembly: A comprehensive database of resolution-related decisions
• Bulent Aras & Burcu Fazlioglu, The brothers Karamazov go abroad: A dataset of Russian leaders’ foreign visits

     

• Articles
• Vasco Becker-Weinberg, Making Sense of Portugal’s Baselines around the Archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores
• Neil Craik & Karen N. Scott, Environmental Impact Assessment Under the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement and the Equivalence Exception
• Luciana Fernandes Coelho, Developing and Reframing the LOSC in Changing Circumstances: The Practice of Small Island Developing States on the Consent Regime for Marine Scientific Research
• Dawoon Jung & Nguyen Thanh Trung, Area-based Management Tools at the Interface of the BBNJ Agreement and the International Maritime Organization
• Xuexia Liao, Characterising a Dispute and the Scope of the LOSC Tribunals’ Jurisdiction Ratione Materiae
• Henok G. Gebrezgabiher, Senai W. Andemariam, & Isaias T. Berhe, Ethiopia’s Persistent Claim for Outlets to the Sea: Issues and Alternatives under International Law
• Ekaterina Antsygina, Equity in the Delimitation of Continental Shelves
• Current Legal Developments
• Jianping Guo, The 2018 Central Arctic Ocean Fisheries Agreement and the 2023 BBNJ Agreement
• Valentin Schatz, Review of Objections to RFMO Conservation and Management Measures under EU Law: Bloom v. Commission
• Nivedita S, Youna Lyons, & Denise Cheong, Floating Nuclear at IMO: Protection of the Marine Environment from Potential Releases of Radioactive Substances
• Aleke Stöfen-O’Brien & Josefa Beyer, Stalled at the Negotiating Table: Updates from INC-5.2 Towards a Global Plastics Treaty
• Hyewon Jang, Yeon S. Chang, & Young Sok Kim, Legal Frameworks of the CCUS Act and International Cooperation via the London Protocol in the Republic of Korea

     

This volume offers the first systematic account of Japanese international legal theory, tracing more than a century of scholarship across thirteen influential thinkers. Edited by leading Japanese scholars, it examines how theorists working outside international law's Western centre developed sophisticated frameworks to navigate tensions between Western modernity and their own legal and intellectual traditions. The book's central contribution proposes "conversation"-a mode of sustained engagement that respects irreducible differences between legal cultures-as an alternative to "dialogue," which often reinforces hierarchy by presuming full reconciliation of perspectives. Through detailed intellectual biographies spanning six historical periods, contributors show how Japanese scholars strategically adopted legal positivism, articulated transcivilizational approaches, and advanced concepts of normative multilateralism. Aimed at scholars of international law, legal theory, and comparative traditions, the volume demonstrates that the field's future depends on genuinely reciprocal, coexisting perspectives.

     

• Editorial
• Jean d’Aspremont, Is an International Organization a Thing?
• Articles
• Lucas Carlos Lima & Rafael Fonseca Melo, The Interpretation of the Charter of the Organization of American States by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights
• Isabella E. Brunner, Protecting International Organizations From Cyber Threats: States’ Positive Obligations Under International Law
• Diliana Stoyanova, From Andronov to Wasserstrom: Rewriting the Rules of UN Administrative Tribunal Competence in the Age of Whistleblower Protection
• Books Reviews
• Jan Klabbers, reviewing Making International Institutions Work: The Politics of Performance, by Ranjit Lall
• Jean d’Aspremont, reviewing Exit From International Organizations: Costly Negotiation for Institutional Change, by Inken von Borzyskowski and Felicity Vabulas
• Mateo Merchán Duque, reviewing The 3 Regional Human Rights Courts in Context: Justice That Cannot Be Taken for Granted, by Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
• Kirsten Schmalenbach, reviewing The Third-Party Liability of International Organizations: Towards a ‘Complete Remedy System’ Counterbalancing Jurisdictional Immunity, by Thomas S. M. Henquet
• Edward Kwakwa, reviewing Legal Advisers in International Organizations, edited by Jan Wouters

     

The Cambridge Companion to World Trade Law offers expert but compact discussion of the diverse perspectives, enduring issues, and emergent challenges in the field. This volume offers a lively and thorough overview of the subject in all its dimensions. It takes stock of the state of the field of trade law without allowing current events to dominate key debates. It is intended to be appreciated not only by a legal audience as a collection of concise yet thoughtful reflective pieces, but also by readers across the fields of business, economics, finance, sociology, diplomacy, and international relations who may have no specialist trade law knowledge. It will appeal not only to the novice but also to the seasoned trade law expert who might wish to have at hand a single-volume compendium of current expert analysis across the different dimensions of trade law.

     

• Simon Beaudoin, Peter Dauvergne, Annie Chaloux, Elena Álvarez Blanes, Laura Fequino & Yves Tiberghien, International biodiversity negotiations: Assessing the outcomes and implications of COP 16
• Jinpeng Wang & Xiaoyi Ma, Evaluating legal mechanisms for combating plastic pollution in the Arctic ocean: challenges and future directions
• Kayla Morton, How domestic political context shapes the topics in UNFCCC conference of the parties decisions, 1995–2023
• Aylin Javadi, Ostrom’s framework for exploring participation dynamics within the international climate regime
• Mulatu Tilahun Debel & Feng Wang, The relationship between green aid and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in ethiopia: potential implications for sustainable development goals (SDGs)
• Zoe H. Rosenblum, Assessing the governance of transboundary freshwater wetlands
• Cansu Güleç & Ayşegül Kibaroğlu, A discourse analysis of bilateral water agreements between Türkiye and Iraq: legal instruments of water diplomacy in the Euphrates-Tigris river basin
• Tobias Böhmelt, Dynamic environmental agreements and lower income countries
• Massimiliano Agovino, Maria D’Avino, Aniello Ferraro & Katia Marchesano, Structural constraints and environmental convergence: multilevel governance and CO₂ reduction in Italian provinces
• Xiuyun Yang, Muhammad Nouman Shafiq, & Seemab Gillani, Towards sustainable development: the synergistic impact of economic complexity, environmental regulation, and renewable energy on environmental performance in G20 economies
• Xin Li & Yu Liu, Environmental securitisation in India and China

     

Nearly a quarter century after the September 11, 2001 attacks, the U.S.-led war on terror remains a defining force shaping international law, human rights, and global security. While major combat operations in Afghanistan and Iraq have formally ended, the long-anticipated shift from a war paradigm to a law enforcement approach has yet to materialize. Instead, U.S. and allied counterterrorism activities persist worldwide, raising urgent questions about the role of law in enabling and sustaining armed conflict.

Perpetual War and International Law brings together leading experts to confront the enduring legacies of the post-9/11 era and explore viable alternatives to the use of force. The volume traces how legal and policy frameworks have served to legitimize military action, eroding the boundary between war and peace. Contributors challenge prevailing interpretations of international law in an age of endless war and unconventional threats.

Drawing on insights from law, ethics, and security studies, the volume critically examines how legal and normative precedents established during the war on terror continue to shape contemporary conflicts. It offers bold pathways for shifting from a global order rooted in force to one grounded in restraint and the rule of law. Perpetual War and International Law is a vital intervention, inviting readers to reimagine how international law can constrain violence in an increasingly conflict-ridden world.

     

• Special Issue: Alternative Fuels for Shipping Decarbonization
• Beatriz Martinez Romera, David Freestone, & Tara Davenport, Introduction: Legal Aspects of the Decarbonization of Shipping and Alternative Fuels
• Michael Tsimplis, Decarbonization Frameworks for Shipping: Taxing Carbon Emissions and Contribution to Loss and Damage
• Goran Dominioni, Revenue Distribution in the IMO Net-Zero Framework: Alternative Fuels and the Just and Equitable Energy Transition of Shipping
• Pia Teresé Rebelo, A Maritime Book-and-Claim Compliance Pathway for the IMO Net-Zero Framework
• Hannah Claudia Mosmans, Jolien Kruit, Frank Smeele, & Albert Veenstra, New Regimes Concerning Liability and Compensation for Incidents Involving Alternative Fuels in Shipping: Lessons Learned
• Zeynab Malakouti & Mohammad Hazrati, Decarbonizing Shipping: Does the EU-ETS Ensure a Just Transition?
• Kelsey Pailman, Regulating Hydrogen-Based Fuels in the EU Maritime Sector
• Denise Cheong & S. Nivedita, Floating Nuclear Power Plants: Governing the Dicephalus Beast
• Michaela Agtarap & Mary Grace Velasco, Assessing the Capability of Philippine Shipyards in Alternative Fuel Engine Retrofitting: A Guide for Policy Formulation
• Ana Stella Ebbersmeyer, Mitigating Arctic Maritime Black Carbon Emissions Through Fuel-Based Regulation: A Critical Appraisal

     

Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), a State's maritime zones and the rights they confer are tied to its land territory. As climate change accelerates coastal erosion and inundation, traditional assumptions suggest these entitlements could shrink or disappear, with profound implications for access to marine resources. Sea-Level Rise and the Legal Stability of Maritime Zones explores the development of a new legal perspective that supports the preservation of maritime zones despite rising sea levels.

This book advances a contemporary interpretation of UNCLOS, drawing on a broad spectrum of state practice as reflected in international declarations and domestic legislation. Through systematic analysis of this evidence within the framework of treaty interpretation, Frances Anggadi consolidates the doctrinal basis for the view that the preservation of maritime zones may be achieved through interpreting existing provisions of UNCLOS, rather than requiring a treaty amendment.

As the first comprehensive work to conceptualize this emerging perspective, it offers a clear and principled framework for safeguarding maritime zones, demonstrating how international law can evolve to address global environmental challenges.

     

Established in the wake of the First World War, the League of Nations fundamentally transformed international politics, global governance and multilateral cooperation in a multitude of fields from the economy, labour and social affairs to colonial, minority and security questions. This Handbook analyses the central role of law in the construction of a new international order under the League of Nations. Drawing from innovative research of recent years that analyses the League of Nations through the prism of ultimate success and failure, it offers twenty-one rich chapters that showcase an interdisciplinary, contextual and archive-based approach with brand new and unexplored case studies that address key topics of the legal history of the League, the International Labour Organization and the Permanent Court of International Justice. Finally, it offers a new historical synthesis of how to understand the role of international law in international organizations during the interwar period.

     

• Jane McAdam & Thomas Mulder, A Last Resort? Reframing Evacuations as an Anticipatory Disaster Risk Management Strategy
• Matthias Vanhullebusch, The Case for a Prohibition on Arbitrary Denial of Humanitarian Relief in Non-International Armed Conflicts: Prospects, Challenges and Ways Ahead
• Giulia Bosi, The Protection of Mental Health under International Humanitarian Law
• Rohit Gupta, Forgotten Blind Spots of Jus in Bello: The 1972 World Heritage Convention and the Natural Environment as ‘Cultural Heritage’
• Joshua F. Berry & Hitoshi Nasu, Wartime Imagery and the Standard of Care in the Implementation of International Humanitarian Law
• Emanuela Merck Giuliani, The European Union’s International Obligations Regarding Trade with Occupied Territories: A Case Study of Western Sahara Litigation Before the cjeu

     

This book explores the seminal importance of the first UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm 1972 – the Stockholm Conference – for the development of international environmental law. By bringing together world leading experts from academia and legal practice, the book charts the development of international environmental law in the 50 years since 1972 in the areas of nature and biodiversity, chemicals and waste, oceans and water, and atmosphere and climate, and with respect to structures and institutions, consumption and production, and human rights and participatory rights in environmental matters. It analyses how the ideas and concepts of the Stockholm Conference have influenced this development and explores the novel ideas that have emerged since then. It describes the approaches of the developed and developing countries in this process and the relationship between international environmental law and other areas of law, such as the law of the sea and international economic law.