• Holly Leung, “Peaceful Purposes” in the BBNJ Agreement: The Interpretation and Significance of Article 11(7)
• Chengyu Wang & Jinpeng Wang, Beyond Article 303 of UNCLOS: Interpreting and Reconstructing Coastal State Jurisdiction over Underwater Cultural Heritage in the Contiguous Zone
• Apostolos Tsiouvalas & Manon Rosenthal, Cryopower Unfrozen: No Carte Blanche under International Law for Sea Ice Geoengineering to Restore the Arctic Ocean
• Mehmet Odabaşı & Gökey Saraçyakupoğlu, The Overlooked Type of Piracy: An Assessment of UNCLOS Article 101(a)(ii) and its Contemporary Applicability

     

• Zehra F. Kabasakal Arat, Decline of Democracy in Class and Identity Politics: A Human Rights Theory of Democracy
• Denis G. Arnold, Structural Coercion and Sweatshop Exploitation
• Christina Zampas, Jaime M. Gher, & Fiona de Londras, The Right to Abortion in International Human Rights Law
• Margot E. Salomon, Indivisible Rights in Radically Unequal Society: Plural Epistemologies, Democratic Renewal, and the Making of a Holistic Jurisprudence
• Javeria Shams, Intersection of Gender, Caste, and Religion: Forced Religious Conversion of Hindu Women in Pakistan
• Lili Song, Skirting International Law or Unlawful? China's Pursuit of Forced Repatriation of Certain Chinese Refugees from Other Countries

     

• Articoli e Saggi
• Ivan Ingravallo, La risoluzione 2803 su Gaza e i limiti del sistema di sicurezza collettiva dell’ONU
• Mouhamed Cissé, Le Conseil de Paix: de l’indépendance fictive à l’organisation «fantoche»?
• Diego Zannoni, Is a Just War Conceivable Under Current International Law?
• Carlo Jr. Iannotti, La fine del sistema rule-based: anatomia della paralisi dell’Organo di appello dell’OMC
• Osservatorio Diritti Umani
• Giorgia Pane, Condotta responsabile d’impresa in contesti di conflitto armato: il difficile bilanciamento fra permanenza e uscita alla luce della Heightened Human Rights Due Diligence
• Osservatorio Europeo
• Gabriele Ganfi, La direttiva UE anticorruzione del 2026 e l’abrogazione italiana dell’abuso di ufficio: profili di compatibilità e recepimento
• Note e Commenti
• Antonio J. Palma, Riflessioni critiche sugli atti finali del G7 di Évian 2026
• Martina Lillo, The Role of Transgenerational Justice for Sustainability: Challenges and Prospects in Global Governance for the Future

     

This book provides an in-depth analysis of equality of parties in international adjudication beyond the conventional interstate framework. It challenges the idea that party equality in international proceedings simply follows from sovereign equality and demonstrates that this assumption is ill-suited to disputes involving private actors. It argues that equality can be protected in asymmetric proceedings between states or international organizations and private entities, even when the parties are not formally equal in the international legal order. Drawing on investor-state arbitration, regional human rights courts, and international administrative tribunals, the book identifies a common legal foundation for equality of parties in a general principle of international law derived from national approaches to administrative adjudication.

     

• Brian McGarry, On Interstitial Justice: the Application of Amended Rules of Court in Pending ICJ Cases
• Lena Raxter, Scientific Issues at the International Court of Justice: Utilizing Court-Appointed Expert Assistance in Complex Scientific Disputes
• Noam Morris, The Recueil des Cours de l’Académie de La Haye in States’ Pleadings before the International Court of Justice: An Empirical Analysis
• Mikayla Perry, Third-State Intervention in the Provisional Measures Phase before the International Court of Justice
• Ori Pomson, Removal from the General List: Sudan v. United Arab Emirates and Beyond
• Alberto Alvarez-Jimenez, Non-Reimbursable Foreign Aid as a Factor for Reducing War Reparations in Inter-State Adjudication

     

• Articles
• Alexey Ilin & Wei Shen, Svalbard Treaty Model for Celestial Bodies: Reconciling Sovereignty with Global Commons
• Liang Yu & Bo Chen, The Evolution of Human Rights Law in the Context of Climate Change
• Current Developments
• Zuo Haicong, Yang Yueyi, & Wang Geng, Changes in the Regulatory System: China’s New Export Control Law and Reshaped Legal Landscape
• Comment and Review Essay
• Yury Rovnov, Celsius 1.5: Reflections on the ICJ’s “Primary Temperature Goal” Under The Paris Agreement

     

• Special Issue: Arms, Peace and Sustainability: At the Frontiers of International Law on Arms Transfer and Arms Control
• Sondra Faccio & Marco Pertile, Arms, Peace and Sustainability: At the Frontiers of International Law on Arms Transfer and Arms Control
• Luigi Crema & Antonio Mariconda, Strengthening State Accountability for Wrongful Arms Exports: the Role of the ECHR
• Angelica Bonfanti & Marco Fasciglione, Human Rights Due Diligence in the Regulation of the Arms Industry: a Critical Assessment
• Sondra Faccio & Giulia Cagol, FDIs in the Arms Industry: The Interplay between Investment Law and Arms Trade Regulation
• Silvia Bortolato & Filomena Medea Tulli, Autonomous Weapons Systems and the Arms Trade Treaty
• Stefano Silingardi & Niccolò Zugliani, The Threat or Use of Tactical Nuclear Weapons through the Lens of Sustainable Development

     

• Jean-Pierre Lacroix, ACUNS Lecture in Honour of Kofi Annan - UN Peacekeeping in a Divided World: Achievements and Challenges
• Adriana Abdenur, ACUNS Annual Meeting Keynote Address - A Multipolar World Is Not Something to Mourn
• Elise Doumergue & Hussam Hussein, Beyond Membership: Why Do States Seek Observer Status in Regional Organizations?
• The Global Forum
• Jonathan R. Everhart, Challenges of the OECD’s Tax Governance Regime Leading to the United Nations’ ‘(Re)entry’ into International Tax Law Governance
• Hendry Roris P. Sianturi, Uud Wahyudin, Budi Nugraha, & Reddy Anggara, The BRICS Sustainability Paradox in Global Governance
• Troy Emilio Smith, AI-Driven Disinformation, Information Integrity, and Global Governance: Challenges and Policy Priorities for the Multilateral System

     

• Special Issue: Regime Interaction under the BBNJ Agreement
• Sarah Lothian, Kristine Dalaker & Aline Jaeckel, Regime Interaction under the BBNJ Agreement
• Gabriele Goettsche-Wanli, Who Are the “Relevant IFBs” for the Purposes of the BBNJ Agreement?
• Aldo Chircop, The BBNJ Agreement and IMO: What Role for Maritime Law Instruments and Measures?
• Trung Nguyen & Dawoon Jung, Strengthening the Area-Based Management Tools on the High Seas through Shipping-Related Measures
• Bastiaan Ewoud Klerk, Beyond Undermining: COP Competences to Establish ABMTs and MPAs under the BBNJ Agreement
• Kentaro Nishimoto, The Potential of the “Obligation to Promote” in the BBNJ Agreement to Contribute to a Holistic Governance of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction
• Warwick Gullett & Neil Craik, Precautionary Environmental Impact Assessments under the BBNJ Agreement: More than a Minor or Transitory Effect on the Marine Environment?
• Youngdawng Moh, Heecheol Yang, Wonhee Kim & Sarah Lothian, Regime Interaction in CBD and BBNJ Environmental Impact Assessments: Normative Framework and Challenges
• Ethan Beringen, Cleaning the High Seas: Environmental Impact Assessments under the BBNJ Agreement and the Removal of Existing Marine Plastic Pollution
• Julia Schütz Veiga, From Definition to Obligation: Interpreting Marine Technology under the BBNJ Agreement to Advance Equity

     

Internet shutdowns are on the surge across the globe, at least four dozen states-imposed internet shutdowns in 2024 alone, in armed conflicts and other situations. In some states where an authoritarian propensity or “digital sovereignty” reigns, internet shutdowns are being imposed to control political narratives during the conduct of hostilities. These states justify their actions using a “shut it off” argument, claiming that the internet is a luxury and further asserting that access to the internet may be overridden by national security or other justifications. On the other hand, there are states that advance open access to the internet in an uninhibited manner where internet must always be open even during armed conflicts. When the internet is cut off, by whatsoever reasons, they tend to advance the free access of the internet using “keep it on” argument.

This Article first seeks to explore these polarized debates of internet shutdown and then goes on to examine the legality of internet shutdowns under international law, mainly focusing on International Human Rights Law (IHRL) and International Humanitarian Law (IHL). Drawing on insights from the “Three Generations of Digital Human Rights” project, which conceptualizes access to the internet as a standalone new digital right, this Article argues that imposing internet shutdowns during armed conflicts or other situations, without due regard to IHRL and IHL, undermines emerging digital rights, foremost of which is the right of access to the internet. Finally, the Article suggests that states should co-apply both IHRL and IHL before, during, and after the imposition of shutdown measures in situations of armed conflict.

     

National security has expanded from existential and military threats into trade, investment, technology, supply chains and industrial policy. This chapter asks how states perceive which security game they are playing. Material vulnerabilities and weaponized interdependence can rationally alter incentives. Furthermore, strategic interaction is networked rather than dyadic: policies and influence propagate through alliances, trade relations and third states. National narratives, framing and behavioural mechanisms shape perceived payoffs, actors and time horizons. Positive-sum interdependence may consequently be reframed as zero-sum competition, generating security dilemmas, while bandwagon effects and behavioural security inflation can exacerbate that process. Measures rational in the short run may create greater insecurity over time. National institutions determine who defines and contests threats and thus comparative variations matter. International law is therefore not merely a constraint. By stabilising expectations, providing information and monitoring, coordinating networked responses and limiting opportunistic security exceptions, it can preserve opportunities for positive-sum cooperation and prevent security narratives from becoming self-fulfilling realities.