Alexander the Great

**Alexander the Great**
	king of Macedonia and conqueror of Achaemenid Persia (356–323 BC) Alecsander ym mrwydr Issus. Mosaic yn Amgueddfa Archaeolegol Gendelaethol Napoli
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Name in native language	Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' ὁ Μέγας;
Date of birth	20 July 356 BC; Pella (Macedonia)
Date of death	10 June 323 BC; Babylon (Macedonian Empire)
Manner of death	natural causes (presumably);
Cause of death	typhoid fever (possibly);
Place of burial	Alexandria;
Country of citizenship	Macedonia;
Occupation	politician; military leader; monarch;
Position held	List of ancient Macedonians (336 BC – 323 BC); pharaoh (330 BC – 323 BC);
Noble title	pharaoh; king;
Family	Argead dynasty;
Father	Philip II of Macedon;
Mother	Olympias;
Sibling	Europa of Macedon (paternal half-sister); Philip III of Macedon (paternal half-brother); Caranus (paternal half-brother); Cleopatra of Macedon; Cynane (paternal half-sister); Thessalonike of Macedon (paternal half-sister);
Child	Alexandros IV of Macedon (Roxana); Heracles of Macedon (allegedly, Barsine, child born out of wedlock);
Spouse	Roxana (328 BC – 323 BC); Stateira (324 BC – 323 BC); Parysatis II (324 BC – 323 BC);
Relative	Eurydice I of Macedon (paternal grandmother); Amyntas III of Macedon (paternal grandfather); Neoptolemus I of Epirus (maternal grandfather);
Unmarried partner	Barsine; Bagoas; Hephaestion; Campaspe;
Present in work	Vows of the Peacock; Civilization VI; Civilization V;
Authority file
	Q8409; ISNI: 0000000122835816; VIAF ID: 88742742, 101353608, 281151028, 607154380951330290701, 99934177, 773144647700590707289, 765144647704392521762, 238144647698704607750, 316415327, 53151776797218012092, 531159478204427990005, 707168048975638410001; GND ID: 118501828; Library of Congress authority ID: n79004067; Bibliothèque nationale de France ID: 11946296j; IdRef ID: 027417077; NDL Authority ID: 00620255; Libraries Australia ID: 35002922; NL CR AUT ID: jn19981000073; SELIBR ID: 229496; National Library of Israel ID (old): 000008497; National Library of Spain ID: XX1031303; Nationale Thesaurus voor Auteursnamen ID: 068740379; NORAF ID: 90577037; NUKAT ID: n97061248; NLP ID (old): a0000001181669; National Library of Korea ID: KAC201620660; Libris-URI: b8nqsbtv5r550n4; PLWABN ID: 9810584040605606; National Library of Israel J9U ID: 987007257511905171; NACSIS-CAT author ID: DA01681468; SBN author ID: SBNV088482; Open Library ID: OL2329135A; Union List of Artist Names ID: 500280655
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<nowiki>Alejandro Magno; Macedůński Aleksander; Alexander mikli; Alexander Agung; Александр Македойнаг; Alexander the Great; مقدوني سکندر; III. Aleksandros; سکندر اعظم; Alexander Veľký; Alexandre lo Grand; Isgender Zülkarneýn; Ине Сандор; Lisandru Mannu; Aleksandr; আলেকজেণ্ডাৰ; Александар III Македонски; Aleksandar Veliki; सिकंदर; Александр Македонский; Alexandre le Grand; Aleksandar Veliki; Alejandro Magno; अलेक्झांडर द ग्रेट; ଆଲେକ୍ଜାଣ୍ଡାର ଦ ଗ୍ରେଟ; Aleksandros Makedonietis; अलेक्जेन्डर महान; Alexander de Groussen; Aleksander den store; Makedoniyalı İsgəndər; Alexander the Great; Eskender Zülqarneyn; 亞歷山大; الإسكندر الأكبر; Aleksandr Veur; မဟာအလက်ဇန္ဒား; 亞歷山大大帝; Александр Македонский; Â-li̍t-sân-thai sâm-sṳ; Alexandru Magnu; Alexander Makedon; Искәндәр Зөлҡәрнәй; Alecsander Fawr; Lissander III de Macedònia; Alastar Mór; Ալեքսանդր Մակեդոնացի; 亚历山大大帝; Alexander den Store; ალექსანდრე მაკედონელი; アレクサンドロス3世; Alexandro Magne; Alexander the Great; اسكندر الاكبر; මහා ඇලෙක්සැන්ඩ' රජ; Ya-li-san-ta- hunti; सिकन्दर महान; Aleksandro o Baro; 亚历山大大帝; Aleksanteri Suuri; Մեծն Աղեքսանտր; Alexander the Great; أليكساندر لكبير; Аляксандар Македонскі; അലക്സാണ്ടർ ചക്രവർത്തി; Αλέξανδρος ο Μέγας; Alessandru Manju; பேரரசன் அலெக்சாந்தர்; Alexander de Grote; Lissandru lu Granni; Alexander Magnus; Alexandro la grande; Lissànder III ëd Macedònia; Alexander de Grote; Aleksander de Grutte; Aleksander Macedoński; Alexander Agung; Alexandru Machedon; Aleksandro Magno; Alejandro ang Bantogan; ታላቁ እስክንድር; Александар Велики; Aleksandar Veliki; Alejandru Manu; Aleksandras Didysis; Lusciandro Magno; Alexander die Groote; Александр Македонский; Александер Великый; Lisandro Magno; Македониэм и Александр; မဟာအလက်ဇန္ဒား; Iskandrun kabir; Alexander the Great; Lisandru Magnu; Aleixandre lo Gran; Alexander der Grosse; Alexander de Groete; Македони Александрĕ; Alehandro ti Natan-ók; Alejandro Magno; Aleksander Suur; Leka i Madh; Алеқсандр Македонски; Aleksander Veur; Александър Македонски; Aleksanderi Suuri; Alexandru cel Mare; 亞歷山大大帝; अलेक्झांडर द ग्रेटः (जल्मः इ.स.प.ऑक्टोबर 356; मरणः इ.स.प. 13 जून 323).; Aleksandra Lehibe; Alexander den store; Alexandr Veliký; Alexander Makedon; Alexander Agung; Искандари Мақдунӣ; Alexandros la Magna; Alexander dr Gross; 알렉산드로스 대왕; Aleksandur Mikli; Aleksandro la Granda; अलेक्जेन्डर महान; Alexander the Great; سکندرِ اعظم; Ahlijsanda Daihdaeq; Alexandros Dâi-dá̤; Alexander Agung; सिकन्दर महान; İskender Zulqarnayın; Aleksann Gran-an; Alxandre, l Grande; אלעקסאנדער דער גרויסער; అలెగ్జాండర్; Aleksander Wulki; Alexandros Đại đế; Aleksandri Makidon; ალექსანდრე მაკედონარი; Alexander die Grote; Aleksandri Suur; ಅಲೆಕ್ಸಾಂಡರ್; Alexandre Sɔsɔ; Arekisondira muKuru; Alexander the Great; Македоны Александр; Aleksander den store; Alexander Macedon; Alexander Mæcedonia Cyning; Aleksander Agung; Aléksander Agung; Александр Македонияв; ئەسکەندەری مەزن; 亞歷山大大帝; ئىسكەندەر زۇلقەرنەيىن; Alehándoro pe Tuicháva; Александр Македонський; Alejandro nga Harangdon; ਸਿਕੰਦਰ; III. Alexandrosz makedón király; સિકંદર; İskendero Gırd; Alexandro Handia; Alexander der Große; Алєѯандръ Макєдоньскъ; 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍂𐌿𐍃 •𐌳• 𐌼𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌾𐍉𐍃; Hatun kaq Aliksanthir; Alexander the Great; Александр Македонский; Аляксандр Македонскі; اسکندر مقدونی; Aleksander den Grouten; Îskenderê Mezin; अलेक्जेन्डर द ग्रेट; Alexandros 3-sè; Alexander de Grote; Ехэ Александр; اسکندر; Alexandro li Grand; אלכסנדר הגדול; Искәндәр Зөлкарнәйн; Alẹkzanda De Yin Daho-gbó; អេឡិចសាន់ដឺ ដឹ ហ្គារ៉ែត; ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱟᱞᱮᱠᱡᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ; ܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܘܣ ܪܒܐ; Искандари Мақдунӣ; Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' ὁ Μακεδών; Alexandre, o Grande; Alexander di Grat; Alessandro Magno; Aleksandrs Lielais; آلکاساندور; Ескендір Зұлқарнайын; 亞歷山大大帝; อเล็กซานเดอร์มหาราช; Искандер Македонжув; Александр Македонской; আলেক্সান্দ্রোস; Alẹksándrọ̀s Olókìkí; سکندر; Alexandre Magno; Alexander el Gretik; ಅಲೆಕ್ಸಾಂಡರ್; 亞歷山大大帝; अलेक्जेन्डर महान; Aleksander Veliki; Dakilang Aleksander; Aleksandr Makedonijalaine; Alessandro Magno; Alexander Macedon; Aleksander Mashuhuri; Alasdair Mòr; Aliksandr Ameqqran; Alexandre el Gran; Улуу Александр; سڪندر اعظم; सिकंदर महान; Alexandre o Grande; 亞歷山大大帝; 亚历山大大帝; Alexander le Gran; Rey de Macedonia, Grecia, Egipto y Asia; Makedónia királya; મેસેડોનનો સમ્રાટ; цар Македонії, полководець, завойовник великої території та засновник світової держави; Յոյն զօրավար, Մակետոնիոյ թագաւոր, Կայսրութեան հիմնադիր; македонский царь, полководец и создатель мировой державы; Македония батшаһы, полководец һәм донъя державаһын булдырыусы; makedonischer Feldherr und König (356-323 v. Chr.); म्यासेडोनिया को राजा; king of Macedon; Հույն զորավար, Հին Մակեդոնիայի արքաներից ամենազորեղ, Ասիայի տիրակալ; цар на Македония; king of Macedonia and conqueror of Achaemenid Persia (356–323 BC); rege al Macedoniei antice; アルゲアス朝マケドニア王国の王; conquisitor greco-macedonian; kung av Makedonien 336 f.Kr.–323 f.Kr.; macedónsky vojvodca, kráľ a dobyvateľ; Komandant ushtarak dhe mbret i Maqedonisë (356–323 p.e.s.); מלך מוקדון במאה ה-4 לפני הספירה, מגדולי המצביאים בהיסטוריה, מבשר התרבות ההלניסטית; Macedonum rex; quốc vương thứ 14 của nhà Argead ở Vương quốc Macedonia; rei de Macedònia; koning van Macedoniē (356–323 v.Chr.); 마케도니아의 왕; সামৰিক সেনাপতি আৰু মেচিডনৰ ৰজা; basileus de la rena elinica Macedon e un membro de la dinastia Argean; makedonský král (336 př. n. l.–323 př. n. l.); மாசிடோனின் இராணுவத் தளபதி மற்றும் மன்னன்; fondatore dell'impero ellenistico, fu re di Macedonia, egemone della lega ellenica, faraone d'Egitto e imperatore di Persia; সামরিক অধিনায়ক এবং ম্যাসিডোনের রাজা; roi de Macédoine; reĝo de Makedonio dum la 4-a jarcento a.K.; makedonski kralj; مشہور رومی بادشـاہ، سپاہ سالار; köäning van Makedon; кароль Македоніі; Amiră ali Amirâriľie Machedonia; فرمانده نظامی و فرمانروای مقدونیه‌ای (۳۵۶–۳۲۳ پ.م.); kral Makedonskeje; rei da Macedônia e comandante militar; Mæcedonia cyninȝ; Maķedonijas valdnieks un karavadonis senajos laikos; Ari ti Masedonia; краљ античке грчке краљевине Македоније; makedonski kralj; крал на Македонија и основоположник на Македонското Царство; rei da Macedônia; MÖ 336–323 yılları arasındaki Makedonya kralı; raja Macedonia dan penakluk Persia Achaemenid (356–323 SM); król Macedonii; antikk gresk konge; Makedoniya hökmdarı; kralj Makedonije; Masithuña qhapaq apu; 馬其頓王; 馬其頓國王; rei de Macedonia entre 336 e 323 a.C.; أحد ملوك مقدونيا الإغريق، ومن أشهر القادة العسكريين والفاتحين عبر التاريخ; Μακεδόνας βασιλιάς; Makedonian ja Persian kuningas, Egyptin faarao; Alejandro de Macedonia; Alejandro; Alejandro III; Nagy Sándor; Alexandru'l Grande; Alexandru III de Macedonia; Александр III Великий; Александр Великий; Александр; Искандер; Aliksanthir; Aliksanthir Maqnu; Alexander III. von Makedonien; Alexander; Ալեքսանդր III Մակեդոնացի; Ալեքսանդր Մեծ; 亞力山大大帝; 亚历山大三世; İskender; Büyük Iskender; アレクサンドロス大王; アレクサンダー大王; アレキサンダー大王; イスカンダル; Александр Великий; 알렉산더 대왕; Աղեքսանտր Մակետոնացի; Alexandro; Alexandr III. Makedonský; Alexander Veliký; Alexandr Makedonský; Alessandro III; Alessandro III di Macedonia; Alessandro il Grande; Alessandro il Conquistatore; Alessandro il Macedone; ম্যাসিডনের তৃতীয় আলেকজাণ্ডার; সিকন্দর; মহান আলেকজাণ্ডার; Alexandre; Alexandre de Macédoine; Alexandre III; Aleksandar Makedonski; Aleksander III. Makedonski; Aleksander Makedonski; Alexandre III da Macedônia; Alexandre da Macedônia; Alexandre III; Alexander Micela; Alexandre; Alexandru; Alexandru Macedon; Александар Македонски; Александар Велики; മഹാനായ അലക്സാണ്ടർ; മാസിഡോണിയക്കാരനായ അലക്സാണ്ടർ; Alexander den Groten; Alexander Đại đế; A Lịch Sơn Đại đế; Alexandros III của Macedonia; Alexandre III de Macedònia; Alexandru Macedon; Alexandru; اسکندر; اسکندر بزرگ; Alexander III of Macedon; Alexander; Eskandar; Sikandar; Alexander of Macedonia; Alexander III; Great Alexander; Alexandros the Great; the Great Alexander; Alexandros; Alexandros III; Alexandros III of Macedon; Alexander of Macedon; Alexander III of Macedonia; Alexandros III of Macedonia; الاسكندر الأكبر; الاسكندر الاكبر; الإسكندر الاكبر; إسكندر أكبر; الإسكندر; الاسكندر المقدوني; إسكندر الأكبر; الإسكندر المقدوني; الإسكندر الكبير; الأسكندر الأكبر; إسكندر; إسكندر المقدوني; الأسكندر المقدوني; اسكندر الأكبر; الإسكندر الأكبر المقدوني; الأسكندرالأكبر; الإسكندر المقدونى; الأسكندر; الإسكندرالمقدوني; الإسكندر ذو القرنين; Μέγας Αλέξανδρος; Αλέξανδρος Γ΄; Αλέξανδρος Γ' της Μακεδονίας; אלכסנדר מוקדון; אלכסנדרוס מוקדון</nowiki>

English: Alexander the Great (Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας) was a king of Macedon, an Ancient Greek kingdom in the north of Classical Greece and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. By the age of thirty, he had created one of the largest empires of the ancient world, stretching from Greece to Egypt and into northwest India. He was undefeated in battle and is considered one of history's most successful military commanders.

Sculptures[edit]

18th cent. porcelain sculptural group (M.A.N., Madrid)

Busts[edit]

Copy of a Greek (near contemporary?) bust in the British Museum
Hermes-type bust, imperial Roman copy, Louvre museum
Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen
Acropolis Museum in Athens
Brooklyn Museum, New York, NY
Summer garden, Saint-Petersburg
Alexander and Hephaestion
bust

Statues[edit]

Tessaloniki

Reliefs[edit]

Macedonian Army Thessalian
By Verrocchio, National Gallery, Washington DC
At the Battle of Gaugamela (18th cent. ivory relief, M.A.N., Madrid)
Relief représentant Alexandre le Grand priant le dieu Amon-Rê - Temple de Louxor

Mosaics[edit]

Mosaic at Museo Archeologico Nazionale in Naples depicting Alexander at the Battle of Issus
Alexander and Bucephalus at battle of Issus (detail from the mosaic of Museo Nazionale di Napoli)
Alexander at battle of Issus, detail from the mosaic of Museo Nazionale di Napoli
Alexander at battle of Issus, detail from the mosaic of Museo Nazionale di Napoli